YUKITOMO YOGI, MASAHIKO KIMURA, TAKAMITSU MATSUI, HIROSHI KUBOTA, YOSHIHISA ISHIKAWA, KOSEI INOUE, KEIJI SUZUKI, SEIKI NOSE, SHODAI HASHIMOTO
Desde 2012 en adelante, el Judo ha sido un elemento obligatorio en las lecciones de educación física en la escuela secundaria en Japón. Sin embargo, debido a que el Judo solo se introduce en la escuela secundaria básica, no forma parte del plan de estudios sistemático que considera las etapas de desarrollo del niño desde la escuela primaria en adelante, a diferencia de otros deportes, como la gimnasia con aparatos y la natación, a los que los estudiantes están acostumbrados en la escuela primaria. Por lo tanto, este estudio busca desarrollar un conjunto de materiales didácticos que incorporen juegos de Judo que enseñen movimientos básicos de Judo en las lecciones de educación física de estudiantes de la escuela primaria inferior (7 años), y evaluar su utilidad para garantizar una progresión sistemática entre ejercicios físicos. sesiones de educación en la escuela primaria y secundaria. La implementación práctica de estas sesiones tuvo lugar en una escuela primaria afiliada a una universidad nacional en la prefectura de Kagoshima. Los estudiantes objetivo fueron 18 niños y 17 niñas, para un total de 35 estudiantes de segundo grado. Se planificaron e implementaron seis lecciones en febrero de 2020. Al evaluar la utilidad de los materiales didácticos desarrollados, se consideró la evaluación objetiva y la evaluación subjetiva junto con pruebas de habilidades físicas y habilidades motoras. Los resultados de este estudio muestran que en la evaluación formativa, utilizada como una forma de evaluación objetiva (Takahashi, 2003), hubo un aumento en los puntajes de evaluación para los tres elementos (resultado, método de aprendizaje y cooperación) junto con los puntajes totales de evaluación. . Cuando se les pidió a los estudiantes que se evaluaran subjetivamente en siete categorías, que incluían mostrar más conciencia de sus propios cuerpos, ajustar la fuerza utilizada y mostrar más conciencia de los cuerpos de otras personas, seis categorías recibieron puntajes más altos en la segunda mitad de la unidad didáctica. En la prueba de habilidades físicas y motrices, al final de la sexta lección, tanto los estudiantes masculinos como femeninos lograron puntajes más altos en las tres categorías evaluadas. Por lo tanto, los materiales didácticos desarrollados en este estudio, que incorporan juegos de Judo que enseñan los movimientos básicos del Judo, tienen una gran posibilidad de ser útiles para las sesiones de educación física dirigidas a niños de 7 años. El contenido de aprendizaje desarrollado en este estudio se puede usar más allá de las sesiones de educación física, ya que es lo suficientemente genérico y práctico para usarse como un programa de instrucción en clubes de Judo dirigidos a niños de edades similares.
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