Principios del entrenamiento de Judo como una forma organizada de actividad física para niños

Monika Kowalczyk 1, Małgorzata Zgorzalewicz-Stachowiak 1, Wiesław Błach 2 y Maciej Kostrzewa 3
- Departamento de Profilaxis de la Salud, Universidad de Ciencias Médicas, 61-701 Poznan, Polonia
- Facultad de Educación Física y Deporte, Escuela Universitaria de Educación Física, 51-612 Wroclaw, Polonia
- Instituto de Ciencias del Deporte, Academia de Educación Física Jerzy Kukuczka en Katowice, 40-065 Katowice, Polonia
A la hora de organizar entrenamientos de Judo para niños, es fundamental garantizar la máxima seguridad, y utilizar una metodología de entrenamiento adecuada y adaptada a la edad de los judokas más jóvenes. Este documento tiene como objetivo revisar la literatura actual que contiene principios de entrenamiento de judo y consideraciones relacionadas con la seguridad para niños en edad preescolar (4 a 6 años) y en edad escolar (7 a 12 años) como una actividad física organizada. Los datos se recopilaron hasta octubre de 2021 de ocho bases de datos científicas internacionales (PubMed, Scopus, UpToDate, Web of Science, Cochrane, EBSCOhost, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar). En los resúmenes, encontramos varios tiempos y frecuencias de entrenamiento de Judo para niños. En preescolar el tiempo de entrenamiento fue de 30-60 min con una frecuencia de 2-3 veces por semana, mientras que en el grupo de edad escolar el tiempo de entrenamiento se amplió de 45 a 90 min 3-4 veces por semana. Las lesiones más comunes incluyeron lesiones en la parte superior del brazo, seguidas de las de las extremidades inferiores. En el futuro, sería una ventaja sistematizar la metodología del entrenamiento de Judo como una forma organizada de actividad física que puede complementar la dosis diaria de ejercicios recomendada por la Organización Mundial de la Salud para mantener la salud general de los niños.
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